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Week 3: Independence and aftermath

Week 3 powerpoint slides

Seminar Questions

• Why did Brazil become independent in 1822?
• Which groups contributed?
• Did the independence process look different from different regions of the country or from the “top down” versus the “bottom up”? Why/ how?
• How much changed after 1822?

Seminar Reading

•Skidmore, Brazil, first half of chapter 3

•da Costa, chapter 2, “José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva: A Founding Father,” pp 24-52, and chapter 3, “Liberalism: Theory and Practice,” pp. 53-77 (on library scans page)

•Hendrik Kray, “Daniel Gomes de Freitas,” in Beattie (ed.), The Human Tradition pp 5-22 [e-book and several copies at Library] [this looks at the turbulent life of a soldier in independence-era Bahia, Brazil, as a way of questioning the notion of a more 'peaceful' Brazilian independence]

Kirsten Schultz, Tropical Versailles: Empire, Monarchy, and the Portuguese Royal Court in Rio de Janeiro, 1808-1821. Routledge, 2001 Patrick Wilcken, Empire adrift: the Portuguese court in Rio de Janeiro, 1808-1821 (2005)

Patrick Wilcken, Empire adrift: the Portuguese court in Rio de Janeiro, 1808-1821 (2005)